Oil burner



Sept. 20, 1932. J. E. FOWLER OIL BURNER Filed May 19, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet (fuse viz lNVENT OR Sept. 20, 1932. J E FOWLER 1,878,836

OIL BURNER Filed May 19, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 w 5 w v s lfaye vizli'j wzer INVENTOR ATTORNEY Sept. 20, 1932. J FQWLER I 1,878,836

Q Q 0 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Sept; 20, 1932. J. E. FOWLER OIL BURNER 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 19 Z. 'owler INVENTOR Jase 0Z2 ATTORNEY J' OSEPH E. FOWLER, F WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS OIL BURNER Application filed May 19, 1930. Serial No. 453,776.

This invention relates to oil burners and is an improvement upon the burner disclosed in Patent Number 1,633,7 53, granted to me March 27, 1928, and the invention disclosed in application Serial Number 405,999, filed by me November 9, 1929.

Like the burners disclosed in the patent and the application referred to, the present invention is primarily intended for use 1n stoves and furnaces, but is adapted for many other uses.

An object of the present invention is the provision of an oil burner including a wide open top oil cup or chamber located beneath the combustion chambers and air chambers,

with means to admit air into the air chambers from the sides of the burner to preheat the air before it enters the combustion chambers, and thus promote combustion and 1ncrease the heat of the flame.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means for so mounting and supporting the cylinder walls of the air and combustion chambers as to provide a structure which may be removed and replaced as a unit, and when in position, will eliminate leakage of air into the combustion chambers.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an oil cup for supplying fuel to a plurality of combustion chambers toconserve space and thus adapt the burner for use in ranges,'where a small burner of great heating capacity is necessary.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an oil burner wherein a single valve is employed for controlling the fuel to a plurality of combustion chambers.

With the above and other objects in view, 40 the invention further includes the following novel features and details of construction, to be hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation showing a burner constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the same.

60 Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged sectional views taken respectively on the lines 33 and 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view illustrating the outlet valve for the oil tank.

Figure 6 is a section on the line 66 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a detail sectional view illustrating a modified form of oil cup.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional view showing amodified form of flame distributor.

Figure 9 is a detail perspective view of the flame disc.

Referring to the drawings in detail wherein like characters of reference denote corresponding parts, the reference character A. indicates a burner unit, two of which are shown as supported upon a stand B. This stand includes a base having legs 10 which carry at their outer ends adjusting screws 11, by means of which the top 12 of the stand may be adjusted. The burner units A are mounted upon supporting cradles 13 which are adjust ably secured to the top 12 as shown at 14;. The burner units may thus be relatively adjusted.

Each of the burner units A includes a plurality of spaced perforated cylinders 15. These cylinders are so arranged and spaced as to provide inner and outer combustion chambers 16 and 17 respectively whose lower ends are open for communication with an oil chamber 18 provided in an open cup 19, the latterbeing mounted upon the cradle 13. The open edge of this cup is beveled and is surrounded by a ring 20so as to provide an annular seat 21 for the lower edge of the outerinost perforated cylinder 15.

In addition to the combustion chambers 16 and 17, the perforated cylinders provide an inner air chamber 23 and an air chamber 24, the latter being located between the combustion chambers 1-6 and 17. .The air chamber 23 is closed at its bottom as indicated at 25 while the top of this air chamber has extending thereacross a disc 26. This disc is attached to a cuplike member 27 by means of a screw 28 and extends over into the adjacent combustion chamber 16. The air chamber 24 is also closed at its bottom as shown at 29 and its upper end is provided with a closure 30.

In addition to the cylinder 15, the burner includes an outer imperforate cylinder 31 which is supported from the outer cylinder 15 through the medium of lugs 22. The space between the cylinder 31 and the adjacent perforated cylinder is closed at its top by an annulus 32. The walls of the combustion chambers 16 and 17 are connected by conduits or thimbles 33 and 34, the latter providing the air passage from the atmosphere into the air chamber 24, while the conduit or thimble 33 provides for the passage of air into the inner air chamber 23.

As the conduits 33 and 34 connect the cylinders 15, and as the cylinder 31 is supported upon lugs 22 which extend from the outermost cylinder 15, this last mentioned cylinder acts to support the remaining cylinders. Openings 35 are provided in the outer cylinder 31 in alignment in the passages referred to so that air will be admitted through the sides of the burner to the air chambers 23 and 24.

Supported upon the top of the burner as indicated at 36 is a flame distributor or spreader 37. A loop or staple 38 extends from this flame distributor for engagement by a suitable tool or implement for the removal of the distributor.

Oil is admitted to the oil chamber through a pipe 39 which extends from a manifold 40, and a lighting ring or wick 41 is positioned within the oil chamber. This ring is preferably formed of asbestos and is used to initially heat the burner. A single valve 42 controls the admission of oil to the oil chamber and as this chamber supplies fuel to a plurality of combustion chambers, this valve controls both of the combustion chambers.

As the air conduits are positioned above the oil cup, and as the structure of this cup prevents the passage of air therethrough, the temperature of the cup will not be lowered by unheated air passinginto the oil chamber within this cup.

Located within the oil chamber upon the inside of the ring 41 is an inverted perforated pan-like member 41a which defines a strainer disc. The flange of this member spaces the perforated disc above the bottom of the oil chamber, so that the vapor will burn above the perforations of this disc and the flame will be prevented from contact with the oil. This disc acts to evenly distribute the vapor to the flame and prevents the formation of carbon.

The reference character 43 indicates an oil reservoir or tank which is removably mounted upon the top of an oil well 44, the latter having extending therefrom flanges 45 to retain the tank. This tank is provided with a discharge mouth 46 having a flush plug 47 threadedly secured therein. The plug is provided with a discharge opening 48 which is controlled by a spring pressed valve 49. An overflow pipe 50 extends from the well and has depending therefrom a bucket or receptacle 51. A pipe 52 extends from the well 44 to the manifold 40, connection between the pipe 52 and the manifold being effected by means of a short pipe 53. This last referred to pipe is provided with a drain valve 54. i

The well 44 is vertically adjustable so as to regulate the level of the oil within the oil chamber 18. For this purpose the well 44 is mounted upon a threaded .stem 55 which is adjustable within a stand 56, a nut 57 serving as a means of adjustment.

In Figure 7 of the drawings there is illustrated a slightly different form of oil cup 19a. This cup is provided with a central depression 58 which receives the oil ring 59. Oil collects in the depression 58, instead of flowing over the entire surface of a large cup, so that the oil vaporizes in the central depression and passes to the combustion chambers. Oil is supplied to the cup through the pipe 39 as previously explained and the cylinders are supported upon the cup after the manner shown in Figure 1.

In Figure 8 there is provided a flame distributor 60 which is rotatably mounted upon the top of the burner by the portion 61 engaging the annulus 32. This distributor is provided with oppositely disposed flame outlets 62, one of which may be provided with a closure 63 if desired. The flame distributor 60 is also provided with a central opening 64 which may be closed by a disc 65 which is pivotally mounted as shown at 66. The disc closure is provided with a loop or staple 67 for convenience in manipulating the closure and the flame distributor is provided with a similar loop or staple 68.

With the form of flame distributor just described, the flame may be directed horizontally in any direction to more effectually heat a hot water front, or a coil in a range. In addition, the flame may be directed upward through the opening 64 for..heating cooking utensils upon the top of a stove.

The invention is susceptible of various chan es in its form, proportions and minor detai of construction, to be hereinafter more ,fully described, illustrated in the accom-' panying drawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

Having described the invention what is claimed is 1. An oil burner comprising a plurality of perforated cylinders arranged one within another to provide inner and outer combustion chambers and inner and intermediate air chambers, an imperforated cylinder surroundingthe perforated cylinder and having oppositely disposed openings, tubes extending through certain'of the perforated cylinders and in alignment with the openings to admit air to said air chambers, closure secured to the perforated c finders for closing the upper and lower en s of the air chambers and fuel supply means supportin one of the perforated cylinders while the ot er cylinders are supported by the last mentioned perforated cylinder.

2. An oil burner comprising a plurality of perforated cylinders arranged one within another to provide inner and outer combustion chambers and inner and intermediate air chambers, an imperforated cylinder surrounding the perforated cylinder and ha )ppositely disposed openings, tubes exte ing through certain of the inders and in alignment wit the openings to admit air to said air chambers, closures secured to the perforated cylinders for closing the upper and lower ends of the oil chambers, and an open cup shaped fuel supply member supporting one of the perforated cylinders with the other cylinders supported by the last mentioned perforated cyllnder.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JOSEPH E. FOWLER.

erforated cyl- 

